Dermatology is the branch of medicine that deals with skin diseases. It is a specialty from both medical and surgical aspects.
A dermatologist is a medical doctor who treats diseases related to the skin, hair, nails, and certain cosmetic problems.
Skin diseases
Here's a guide to skin diseases and conditions that affect the skin, hair, and nails according to the American Academy of Dermatology [s].
1. Acanthosis nigricans
A skin condition that causes one or more areas of skin to darken and thicken. The skin is often accompanied by a little velvet.
See more: Acanthosis Nigricans: Signs, Symptoms, Causes and Treatment
2. Acne
One of the most famous skin diseases. When you have acne, you need two things to have clearer skin. The first is acne-friendly skin care. You also need the right treatment for each type of acne blemish you have.
See more: 12 Acne Causes and Treatment
3. Acne scars
If acne scars bother you, a safe and effective treatment is available. The treatment can reduce acne scars that cause depressions in the skin. The treatment can also safely reduce raised acne scars.
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4. Actinic keratosis
If you have actinic keratosis (AK) on your skin, you have one of the most common skin conditions that dermatologists treat. These precancerous skin growths are common. Because many people rarely protect their skin from the sun with sunscreen, clothing, and shade.
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5. Alopecia areata
This skin disease develops when the body attacks its own hair follicles, which can cause hair loss anywhere on the body.
Many people who develop alopecia areata are otherwise healthy. They have hair loss and sometimes nail changes, but they remain healthy.
6. Athlete\'s foot
Athlete's foot or tinea pedis is a fungal infection of the skin between the toes. It is a form of ringworm. Most people get it from walking barefoot in damp public places, such as by a pool deck or a water source.
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7. Atopic dermatitis
Eczema, or atopic eczema, is a condition that usually occurs around the age of five and causes a very itchy rash that appears and disappears. Symptoms range from excessively dry, itchy skin to a painful, itchy rash that causes sleepless nights and interferes with daily life.
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8. Basal cell carcinoma
A type of skin cancer that most commonly occurs on the face, often invades surrounding tissues but rarely metastasizes. If you've been diagnosed with basal cell carcinoma, you have a lot of company. As the most common type of cancer in the world.
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9. Bed bugs
Bed bugs are small insects that feed on human blood. While bed bugs are feeding on you, you are unlikely to notice. Most people sleep when they are bitten.
Also, before the bed bug draws your blood, it injects you with a substance that prevents you from feeling the sting. When you wake up, you may notice itching. So you have a skin disease.
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10. Birthmarks
Birthmarks come in many shapes and colors. You may see a flat or raised mark. It may be the size of a pinhead or cover a large area of your child's skin.
Most birthmarks fall somewhere in between. A birthmark can be pink, red, tan, brown, or any other color. Some look like a bruise. Others look like a spot on the skin.
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11. Boils and styes
It is considered one of the most common skin diseases. A boil is a pus-filled skin infection that occurs around a hair follicle or sebaceous gland.
This causes a red, painful lump to form with pus collecting under the skin. A boil that occurs on the eyelid is called a sting.
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12. Botulinum toxin
It is called botulinum toxin or botox. When you look in the mirror, do you see deep streaks? These lines annoy many people. To reduce these lines, many choose botulinum therapy.
Such patients can return to most of their daily activities right after the operation. They love that most people see results within 3 to 7 days and sometimes longer.
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13. Cellulitis
It is a common and serious infection caused by bacteria. The bacteria infect the deeper layers of the skin and subcutaneous tissue.
The first sign of cellulitis is usually red, swollen skin. When you touch the affected area, it often feels warm and sore.
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14. Chemical peels
Chemical peels: Do you wish you could simply exfoliate the signs of aging from your skin? Dermatologists use chemical peels to do this.
Chemical peels can reduce many signs of aging on the face as well as the hands, neck and chest.
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15. Chickenpox
A highly contagious skin disease caused by a virus. Although the incidence of chickenpox has decreased significantly since the development of the chickenpox vaccine, there are still children who get chickenpox every year.
Fortunately, there is a lot parents can do at home to help ease their children's symptoms and prevent skin infections.
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16. Cold sores
A small pimple or group of blisters that usually appear on the lip or around the mouth. Cold sores are caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV).
The virus remains in the body after the cold sores are gone. If the virus reactivates or wakes up, you may get cold sores again.
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17. Contact dermatitis
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a rare type of leukemia. It begins in a type of white blood cell called a T lymphocyte (T cell). T cells help prevent infection and other diseases.
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18. Dandruff
A common scalp condition in which small pieces of dry skin shed from the scalp.
If you have dark hair or wear dark colors, you may notice flaking in your hair or on your shoulders. Dandruff may also cause the scalp to itch.
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19. Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberan (DFSP)
Rare skin cancer. It begins in the middle layer of the skin, the dermis. DFSP tends to grow slowly. It rarely spreads to other parts of the body. Because DFSP rarely spreads, this cancer has a high survival rate. However, treatment is important.
Without treatment, DFSP can grow deep into fat, muscle, and even bone. If this happens, treatment can be difficult.
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20. Diabetes: Dermatologist-recommended skin care for diabetics
When you have diabetes, finding time to take care of your skin can seem like a luxury.
Monitoring your glucose level, sticking to a meal plan, finding time to exercise, and managing stress can definitely take priority.
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21. Diabetes: Warning signs on your skin
This skin condition often begins as small, raised, pimple-like hard bumps. As it progresses, these bumps turn into patches of swollen, hardened skin. The spots can be yellow, red, or brown.
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22. Diaper rash
Baby dermatitis caused by prolonged contact with wet diapers. Babies often experience discomfort from nappy rash, a condition that causes the skin under the nappy to become red and sore.
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23. Dry skin
When the air contains little moisture, it is common to develop dry skin. During the winter, indoor heating or heating to a stove can rob the skin of moisture, leaving the skin dry and cracked.
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24. Dyshidrotic eczema
Eczema dyshidrotic blisters may last for three to four weeks before clearing up. Some people never get blisters again. Dyshidrotic eczema can also be a lifelong debilitating disease.
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25. Eczema
A medical condition in which patches of skin become rough and inflamed, with itchy and bleeding blisters, sometimes caused by a reaction to irritation (eczematous dermatitis) but often have no obvious external cause.
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26. Epidermolysis bullosa
Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a group of rare diseases that easily cause skin ulcers. Epidermolysis bullosa causes blisters that burst quickly and leave slow-healing wounds like the one on this child's knee.
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27. Folliculitis
A common skin infection that develops in hair follicles. Folliculitis can appear anywhere on the skin, except for the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet.
Symptoms can vary. You may not feel anything. Sometimes, the infection causes the skin to itch. Your skin may also feel sore.
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28. Genital herpes
Genital herpes: a sexually transmitted disease (STD). It is caused by the herpes simplex virus. Anyone who is sexually active can be infected with this virus.
Many people who contract the virus never know they have it because they do not have symptoms. They do not develop painful ulcers.
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29. Genital warts
Genital warts: warts that appear in the genital area. There can be a single wart or a group of warts. People get these warts by picking up the human papillomavirus (HPV) from someone who is already infected with this virus.
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30. Granuloma annulare
A skin condition that usually causes a rash. It is not some kind of cancer. It is not contagious. A mass of tissue, usually produced in response to infection, inflammation, or the presence of a foreign substance.
It rarely causes symptoms, such as pain or itching, but it can appear on your skin in different ways.
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31. Hair loss
It can be difficult to talk about hair loss. In many cases, hair loss can be stopped or treated.
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32. Hand, foot and mouth disease
Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) is an infectious disease caused by a virus. While one of several viruses can cause it. You can catch HFMD from close contact with someone who has it.
You can also catch it when you touch something, such as a toy or doorknob, that is contaminated with a virus that causes this disease.
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33. Head lice
A louse that infects the scalp and human head hair and is especially prevalent among school children.
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34. Heart disease: Warning signs on your skin
Your skin and nails can have warning signs, which is why your dermatologist may be the first doctor to notice that you have heart disease.
If you know what to look for, you can also find the warning signs of heart disease on your skin and nails.
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35. Herpes simplex
Viral infection, caused by a group of herpes viruses, which may cause cold sores, inflammation of the genitals or conjunctivitis.
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36. Hidradenitis suppurativa
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an unrecognized skin disease that causes deep, painful lumps under the skin, usually in the armpits or groin.
Many people mistake deep lumps for painful pimples or acne cysts. Hidradenitis suppurativa can also be misdiagnosed as a boil, infected hair follicles (folliculitis), or a sexually transmitted disease.
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37. Hives
Urticaria or urticaria: a rash of red, round bruises on the skin that causes intense itching, sometimes accompanied by serious swelling caused by an allergic reaction, usually to certain foods.
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38. Hyperhidrosis
Excessive sweating occurs when a person sweats more than necessary. Yes, it is necessary to sweat. Sweating cools the body, which prevents us from overheating.
However, people with hyperhidrosis sweat when the body does not need cooling.
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39. Ichthyosis vulgaris
A group of skin conditions that cause extremely dry, thickened and scaly skin. The skin often looks like it has fish scales. There are more than 20 different types of fish.
The most common type is Ichthyosis vulgaris. About 95% of people who get ichthyosis develop this type.
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40. Imiquimod
It is a prescription medicine that you use at home. It comes in a cream that you apply to your skin. Your dermatologist may prescribe imiquimod to treat:
- AK
- Basal cell carcinoma
- Genital warts
41. Impetigo
It is a common skin infection, especially in children. It is caused by bacteria. It is also highly contagious.
Most people get impetigo through skin-to-skin contact with someone who has it.
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42. Isotretinoin
A prescription medication for severe acne. This type of acne causes deep and painful cysts and nodules. They can be the size of a pencil eraser or larger. When this acne disappears, scars often appear.
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43. Keloids
A kind of raised scar. Unlike other raised scars, a keloid grows much larger than the wound that caused the scar. Not everyone who has a scar develops keloids.
If your skin is prone to keloids, anything that can cause a scar can lead to keloids. This includes a wound, burn, or severe acne.
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44. Keratosis pilaris
Keratosis pilaris, or keratosis pilaris, is a common skin condition that appears as small bumps on the skin.
Some people say these bumps look like goose bumps or the skin of a cut chicken. Others mistake the bumps as small pimples.
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45. Kidney disease: It can affect your skin
The effect of kidney disease on the skin. If you have kidney disease, you won't see early warning signs on your skin. However, as the disease progresses.
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46. Leprosy
It is an infectious skin disease that affects the skin, mucous membranes, and nerves, causing discoloration and lumps in the skin, and in severe cases, it leads to deformities.
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47. Lichen planus
Many people develop lichen planus. This disease can develop in one or several parts of the body. It can appear on the skin or inside the mouth. Sometimes, it appears in both places.
Lichen planus can change the way your fingernails or toenails appear. It can also appear on a person's genitals or scalp.
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48. Lupus
Lupus: from various diseases or conditions characterized by dermatitis, especially lupus vulgaris or lupus erythematosus.
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49. Lyme disease
A disturbance in the structure or function of a person, animal or plant, especially one that results in specific signs or symptoms or affects a specific location and is not merely a direct result of a bodily injury.
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50. Melanoma
A tumor in the melanin-forming cells, especially a malignant tumor associated with skin cancer.
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51. Melasma
A common skin problem. It causes brown to gray patches to appear, usually on the face. Most people get it on their cheeks, bridge of their nose, forehead, chin, and above their upper lip.
It can also appear on other parts of the body that are exposed to a lot of sunlight, such as the forearms and neck.
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52. Merkel cell carcinoma
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare skin cancer.
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53. Moles
Moles are common. Almost everyone has a few of them. Fair-skinned adults often have more moles. They may have 10 to 40 moles on their skin. It's normal.
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54. Molluscum contagiosum
A chronic viral disorder of the skin characterized by clusters of small, smooth, painless pink nodules with a central depression, which, when pressed, produce a milky fluid.
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55. Nail fungus
It is easy to get a fungal infection in the nails. If you have a fungal infection in your feet, the fungus can spread to one or more of your nails. This is very common.
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56. Neurodermatitis
Itchy patch of skin is the cause of the rash. This itchy patch often appears on the arm, leg, back of the neck, scalp, or groin area.
When it begins in the groin area, it tends to develop on the anus, scrotum, or vulva.
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57. Nickel allergy
Nickel is one of the most common causes of allergic contact dermatitis: a rash or irritation from touching an allergen.
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58. Nummular dermatitis
A condition of the skin in which it becomes red, swollen and painful, sometimes with small blisters, caused by direct irritation of the skin by an external agent or an allergic reaction to it.
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59. Ocular rosacea
A condition in which some of the blood vessels in the face enlarge, giving the cheeks and nose a flushed appearance.
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60. Pemphigus
Most people get blisters on their skin. With some types of pemphigus, blisters form inside the mouth.
A few types cause blisters on moist tissue, such as those lining the nose, eyes, throat, anus, or genitals.
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61. Perioral dermatitis
Most people get blisters on their skin. With some types of pemphigus, blisters form inside the mouth.
A few types cause blisters on moist tissue, such as those lining the nose, eyes, throat, anus, or genitals.
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62. Pityriasis rosea
This condition causes a rash that goes away on its own. The first sign of this rash is often a large oval patch on the skin, followed by many small spots or bumps.
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63. Poison ivy - oak - sumac
While poison ivy is the most common cause of contact dermatitis in the United States, a host of other common plants are capable of producing skin reactions.
If you think you've touched one of these plants, acting quickly may prevent a rash.
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64. Psoriasis
A skin disease characterized by red, scaly, itchy patches.
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65. Psoriatic arthritis
Do you have psoriasis? If so, it is important to pay attention to your joints. Some people with psoriasis develop a type of arthritis called psoriatic arthritis.
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66. Rashes
Rashes: Rashes can appear as spots, bruises, or blisters. Find out when you need to see a dermatologist for medical treatment.
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67. Ringworm
A contagious, itchy skin disease in small, circular patches caused by a number of fungi and affecting mainly the scalp or feet. The most common form is athlete's foot.
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68. Rosacea
A condition in which some of the blood vessels in the face enlarge, giving the cheeks and nose a flushed appearance.
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69. Sarcoidosis
A chronic disease of unknown etiology characterized by enlargement of the lymph nodes in many parts of the body and the widespread appearance of granulomas derived from the reticuloendothelial system.
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70. Scabies
An infectious skin disease characterized by itching and small, raised red spots, caused by the itch mite.
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71. Scalp psoriasis
Scalp psoriasis is a skin disease characterized by red, scaly, itchy patches.
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72. Scars
If you have a scar or stretch marks that bother you, cosmetic treatment can help. Find out what results you can expect and what you should know before receiving treatment.
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73. Scleroderma
Chronic hardening and contraction of the skin and connective tissue, either the same area or throughout the body.
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74. Sebaceous carcinoma
Cancer that originates in the epithelial tissue of the skin or in the lining of internal organs.
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75. Seborrheic dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis affects children. Oily, scaly patches form on the baby's scalp. The patches can become thick and scaly, but cradle cap is harmless.
Seborrheic dermatitis usually goes away on its own within a few months.
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76. Seborrheic keratoses
A common cutaneous growth. It may sound worrisome because it may look like a wart, a precancerous skin growth (actinic keratosis), or skin cancer.
Despite their appearance, seborrheic keratoses are harmless.
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77. Shingles
If you've had chickenpox, the virus that caused it is still inside your body. When chickenpox is killed, the virus travels from your skin to your nerves.
If this virus returns to your skin, you will get shingles instead of chickenpox.
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78. Skin cancer
The most common type of cancer in the United States, with millions of cases diagnosed each year.
It is also one of the most preventable and highly treatable types of cancer when caught early.
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79. Squamous cell carcinoma
Squamous cells are found throughout the human body. These cells line organs, such as the lungs, throat, and thyroid gland. We also have squamous cells in our skin.
The function of the squamous cells is to protect what lies beneath them. In our skin, these cells sit close to the surface, protecting the tissues underneath.
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80. Stasis dermatitis
While stasis dermatitis is not contagious, it is common. Researchers believe that in the United States, about 15 to 20 million people over the age of 50 live with the disease.
You may know stasis dermatitis by another name. It is also called gravitational dermatitis, venous eczema, or varicose eczema.
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81. Stretch marks
Irregular lines on the skin where it is stretched or bulged, especially due to pregnancy or obesity.
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82. Syphilis
It is a chronic bacterial skin disease that is transmitted mainly through infection during sexual intercourse, but it is also transmitted congenitally through infection of the developing fetus.
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83. Thyroid disease and your skin
Thyroid disease and your skin: Although your thyroid gland is located deep in your neck, your dermatologist may be the first doctor to notice signs of thyroid disease.
This is because many of the signs and symptoms of thyroid disease appear on the skin, hair, and nails.
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84. Tinea versicolor
We all have yeast that lives on our skin. When yeast gets out of control, a person can develop a skin disease called tinea versicolor.
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85. Vitiligo
A condition in which pigment is lost from areas of the skin, leading to the appearance of white patches, often for no apparent reason.
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86. Warts
Benign (not cancerous) skin tumors that appear when the virus infects the top layer of the skin. Viruses that cause warts are called human papillomavirus (HPV).
You are more likely to catch one of these viruses if you cut or damage your skin in some way.
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87. Xeroderma pigmentosum
Dry pigmented skin: A rare genetic defect in the enzyme system that repairs DNA after UV damage, which leads to severe sensitivity to sunlight and a tendency to develop skin cancer.
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